Retraction & Correction Policy
The JHSN is committed to preserving the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the scholarly record. The journal follows the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) when addressing post‑publication issues.
Corrections
Where minor errors that do not affect the scientific validity or conclusions of an article are identified after publication, the journal will publish a Correction (Erratum or Corrigendum). Corrections are permanently linked to the original article to ensure transparency and maintain an accurate scholarly record.
Retractions
An article may be retracted when there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable due to research misconduct, major errors, plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication or falsification, unethical research practices, or other serious violations of publication ethics.
Retraction notices will clearly state the reason for the retraction and remain permanently linked to the original article. Retracted articles will remain accessible as part of the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as "Retracted."
Expressions of Concern
Where serious concerns arise but conclusive evidence is not yet available, the journal may publish an Editorial Expression of Concern while an investigation is underway.
Commitment to Publication Integrity
All post‑publication updates are handled fairly, transparently, and in accordance with COPE guidelines. JHSN is committed to maintaining the integrity of the published literature and ensuring that readers have access to accurate and trustworthy scholarly information.

